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Gas Pipeline Hydraulics
E.
Sashi Menon, P.E.
Overview
This online course on gas
pipeline hydraulics covers the steady state analysis of compressible fluid flow
through pipelines. Mathematical derivations are reduced to a minimum, since the
intent is to provide the practicing engineer a practical tool to understand and
apply the concepts of gas flow in pipes. In particular, we will cover natural
gas pipeline transportation including how pipelines are sized for a particular
flow rate, the pressure required to transport a given volume of gas and the
compression horsepower required.
The properties of natural
gas that affect pipe flow will be reviewed first followed by the concepts of
laminar and turbulent flow and Reynolds number. Frictional pressure loss and
the method of calculating the friction factor using the Moody diagram and the
Colebrook and AGA methods will be illustrated with examples. Several other
popular flow equations, such as the Weymouth and Panhandle formulas will be
introduced and explained with example problems. Increasing pipeline throughput
using intermediate compressor stations as well as pipe loops will be discussed.
The strength requirement of pipes, allowable operating pressure and hydrostatic
test pressure will be reviewed with reference to the DOT code requirements.
Several fully solved example problems are used to illustrate the concepts
introduced in the various sections of the course.
The student must take a multiple-choice quiz consisting of twenty-five (25) questions
at the end of the course to obtain PDH credits.
Specific Knowledge or Skill Attained
This course teaches the following specific knowledge and
skills:
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Gas properties overview, including viscosity, pressure, compressibility factor
and gas laws
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How to calculate the compressibility factor of a gas using the Standing-Katz
chart
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How to calculate the properties of a natural gas mixture
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Calculating pressure drop due to friction in a gas pipeline using the General
Flow Equation
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Use of other gas pipeline pressure drop equations, including Panhandle A,
Panhandle B, Weymouth and the IGT equation.
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Friction factor and transmission factors used in gas pipeline pressure drop
equations
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Gas pipeline velocity and erosional velocity calculations
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Calculation of pressure drop in long pipelines by subdividing into short
segments
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The use of
compressor stations and pipeline looping to increase gas throughput
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Compressor station fundamental calculations, including compression ratio,
efficiency and horsepower
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Calculation of allowable pipe pressure using design factors based on the
location of the pipeline and its proximity to populated areas
Course
Click
on the following link to review the course "Gas Pipeline Hydraulics".
Gas Pipeline Hydraulics (3 MB)
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