Alternating Current Motors and Generators

In Alternating Current Motors and Generators , you'll learn ...

• Alternator construction methods and operation
• The difference between delta and wye connections in a 3-phase alternator
• The three basic types of AC motors and the characteristics of each type

Overview

Preview a portion of this course before purchasing it.

Credit: 3 PDH

Length: 44 pages

An alternating current generator, or alternator, produces an alternating current, which means the voltage produced alternately reverses from positive to negative polarity, producing a corresponding change in the direction of current flow. Much like a DC generator, an alternator requires a coil to cut across the force lines of a magnetic field. This coil is attached to two slip rings, which deliver the current to and from the load destination, thus completing the circuit.

The magnitude of AC voltage generated by an alternator is dependent on the strength of the magnetic field (number of lines of force), the speed at which the loop rotates, the number of loops of wire that cut the magnetic field.

A rotation speed of 3000 revolutions per minute (RPM) produces 50 Hz, and 3600 RPM produces 60 Hz. The electric current in North American homes has a frequency of 60 hertz, while in Europe it is 50 Hz.

An alternating current motor, or AC motor uses electrical energy to produce motion and torque. Very simple AC motors are called "Squirrel cage motors"; these have only one or more stationary coils within which a special kind of mechanical rotor is free to rotate. There is no electrical connection to the rotor from the outside. Most AC motors require a starter, or method of limiting the inrush current to a reasonable level. Types of motor starting include reactive (capacitor start and inductive start), and electronic (frequency drives and soft start drives). The reactive start method is usually used on fractional horsepower motors, and the electronic method is usually reserved for larger motors.

This 3-hourr course provides a basic understanding of AC motors and generators, explaining how to use them, how to calculate power, and determine torque considerations.

Learning Objectives

Upon completion of this course, participants will be able to:

• Explain the principle of magnetic induction as it applies to AC generators.
• Distinguish between the two basic types of AC generators.
• Identify factors that determine the maximum power output of an AC generator.
• Explain the relationships between the individual output voltages and the resultant vectorial sum in multiphase generators.
• Identify factors that determine the frequency and voltage of the alternator output.
• Explain the purpose and procedure of parallel generator operation.
• Identify three basic types of AC motors and the characteristics of each type.
• Explain the characteristics of a series motor that enable it to be used as a universal motor.
• Describe the primary application of synchronous motors and the characteristics that make them suitable for that application.
• Explain the features that make the AC induction motor the most widely used type of electric motors.

Certificate of Completion

You will be able to immediately print a certificate of completion after passing a multiple-choice quiz consisting of 20 questions. PDH credits are not awarded until the course is completed and quiz is passed.